The FDA has authorized four updated COVID-19 vaccines from Moderna, Novavax-Sanofi, and Pfizer-BioNTech to target the JN.1-lineage XFG variant for the upcoming fall and winter.

The Food and Drug Administration announced the approval of four updated COVID-19 vaccines on August 27 for the 2026–2027 season. These vaccines, produced by Moderna, Novavax-Sanofi, and Pfizer-BioNTech, are designed to target the JN.1-lineage XFG variant, which is currently the most prevalent strain globally. The vaccines are intended to provide protection against circulating variants ahead of the fall and winter months.

Vaccine Types and Eligibility

The approved vaccines include three mRNA-based options—COMIRNATY, SPIKEVAX, and MNEXSPIKE—and one protein-based vaccine, NUVAXOVID. While eligibility criteria vary by specific vaccine, all four are approved for adults aged 65 and older and younger individuals with underlying health conditions that increase the risk of severe illness. Health experts note that those in close contact with high-risk individuals or anyone interested in preventing infection may also consider vaccination.

Expert Perspective on Variant Matching

Medical experts explain that annual updates are necessary because the SARS-CoV-2 virus evolves rapidly due to high levels of transmission. While the SW2 variant currently accounts for 21% of cases in the United States, experts note that it is closely related to the XFG variant targeted by the new vaccines. Consequently, these boosters are expected to provide protection against severe disease and potential infection.