Recent clinical trials suggest some supplements may modestly slow biological ageing, though experts caution that evidence remains insufficient to support widespread use.

Research into anti-ageing supplements shows mixed results, with few compounds meeting high standards for scientific validation. While some clinical trials have observed modest effects on biological age, experts emphasize that these findings do not yet confirm improvements in overall healthspan or longevity.

Evaluating Anti-Ageing Compounds

A recent academic book, 'Supplements and Drugs for Healthy Longevity,' reviewed over 250 compounds, including NAD+, coenzyme Q10, and spermidine. Under the guidance of biogerontologist Suresh Rattan, an expert panel concluded that none of these compounds met the highest standard of evidence for anti-ageing effects. The authors suggest that individuals should prioritize obtaining nutrients from food rather than supplements.

Clinical Trial Findings

The COSMOS trial, which involved over 21,000 participants aged 60 and older, found that daily multivitamin use was associated with slower cognitive decline and a modest reduction in the rate of biological ageing over two years. A separate study from the University of Zurich involving participants aged 70 to 91 found that omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, when combined with vitamin D and strength training, resulted in a four-month reduction in biological ageing over three years.

Expert Perspective on Biological Ageing

Researchers note that biological age measurements are considered unreliable and have not yet been linked to meaningful changes in health outcomes. Experts, including JoAnn Manson of Brigham and Women’s Hospital, suggest that observed benefits might simply reflect the correction of existing vitamin deficiencies in participants rather than a direct anti-ageing effect.