A new experimental blood test called DENEB has shown high sensitivity for detecting early-stage colorectal cancer and precancerous polyps in a recent multicenter study.

A new experimental blood test, DENEB, has demonstrated the ability to detect early-stage colorectal cancer and precancerous polyps in a multicenter study published in The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology. Researchers found the test identified 92% of stage I–III colorectal cancers and 81% of high-risk polyps in a trial of over 1,500 adults. While promising, experts note that more research is required before the test can be recommended for routine clinical screening.

Study Findings and Methodology

The study, which included participants from China, Japan, and Spain, evaluated the DENEB test's performance against traditional screening methods. In addition to its high detection rate for stage I–III cancers, the test identified 91% of colorectal cancers overall. Researchers highlighted that the test's ability to detect precancerous polyps is a significant advancement, as removing these lesions can prevent cancer from developing.

Comparison to Existing Screening Methods

Colonoscopy and stool-based tests remain the gold standard for colorectal cancer screening. While other blood-based tests like Shield are currently available and FDA-approved, they are generally less effective at detecting precancerous polyps, with Shield showing approximately 13% effectiveness in that area. Experts emphasize that DENEB is not intended to replace colonoscopies, which remain the definitive method for both finding and removing lesions.

Clinical Implications

Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. With rates rising among individuals under 50, researchers are seeking more accessible screening options to encourage participation. A blood test could potentially be integrated into routine medical visits to identify patients who require further diagnostic procedures like a colonoscopy.